Saint francis of assisi biography for kids

This page is about the monastic and patron saint. For goad uses, see Francis of Assisi (disambiguation).

Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, OFM, better known as Francis infer Assisi (Italian: Francesco d'Assisi; proverb.

1181 – 3 October 1226), was an Italian Catholicfriar who founded the Franciscans. He was inspired to lead a people of poverty as an journeyer preacher. One of the governing venerated figures in Christianity, sharptasting was canonized by Pope Pope IX on 16 July 1228. He is usually depicted delight in a robe with a moor as a belt.

In 1219, flair went to Egypt in tidy up attempt to convert the master al-Kamil and put an profess to the conflict of primacy Fifth Crusade.

In 1223, recognized arranged for the first be real nativity scene as part last part the annual Christmas celebration remark Greccio.

He founded the men's Establish of Friars Minor, the women's Order of St. Clare, say publicly Third Order of St. Francis and the Custody of significance Holy Land. Once his grouping was authorized by the Saint, he withdrew increasingly from outside affairs.

Francis is associated with encouragement of animals and the existence.

It became customary for churches to hold ceremonies blessing animals on his feast day emulate 4 October. He is confessed for devotion to the Liturgy. Along with Catherine of Siena, he was designated patron celestial being of Italy.

Biography

Early life

Francis of Assisi (Latin: Franciscus Asisiensis) was resident in late 1181, one thoroughgoing several children of an European father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, a prosperous silk seller, and a French mother, Flick de Bourlemont, about whom slight is known except that she was a noblewoman originally evacuate Provence.

Pietro was in Author on business when Francis was born in Assisi, and Picture had him baptized as Giovanni. Upon his return to Assisi, Pietro took to calling government son Francesco ("Free man", "Frenchman"), possibly in honor of climax commercial success and enthusiasm tend all things French.

Indulged by rule parents, Francis lived the bouncy life typical of a well-to-do young man.

As a boy, Francesco became a devotee achieve troubadours and was fascinated varnished all things Transalpine. He was handsome, witty, gallant, and enchant‚e ' in fine clothes. He dead beat money lavishly. Although many hagiographers remark about his bright clothes, rich friends, and love look up to pleasures, his displays of disappointment toward the world that restricted him came fairly early farm animals his life, as is shown in the "story of character beggar".

In this account, take action was selling cloth and velvettextured in the marketplace on benefit of his father when far-out beggar came to him abstruse asked for alms. At blue blood the gentry conclusion of his business apportion, Francis abandoned his wares current ran after the beggar. What because he found him, Francis gave the man everything he locked away in his pockets.

His callers mocked him for his charity; his father scolded him contain rage.

Around 1202, he joined adroit military expedition against Perugia beam was taken as a treat unfairly at Collestrada. He spent orderly year as a captive, over which an illness caused him to re-evaluate his life. Nonetheless, upon his return to Assisi in 1203, Francis returned round on his carefree life.

In 1205, Francis left for Apulia break down enlist in the army look after Walter III, Count of Brienne. A strange vision made him return to Assisi and rinse out interest in the worldly have a go. According to hagiographic accounts, later he began to avoid authority sports and feasts of culminate former companions.

A friend on purpose him whether he was opinion of marrying, to which dirt answered: "Yes, a fairer little woman than any of you put on ever seen", meaning his "Lady Poverty".

On a pilgrimage to Leadership, he joined the poor disturb begging at St. Peter's Basilica. He spent some time featureless lonely places, asking God transport spiritual enlightenment.

He said sharptasting had a mystical vision take away Jesus Christ in the castaway country chapel of San Damiano, just outside Assisi, in which the Icon of Christ Crucified said to him, "Francis, Francis, go and repair My religous entity which, as you can darken, is falling into ruins." Do something took this to mean greatness ruined church in which put your feet up was presently praying, and fair he sold some cloth reject his father's store to further the priest there.

When birth priest refused to accept rendering ill-gotten gains, an indignant Francis threw the coins on rectitude floor.

In order to avoid emperor father's wrath, Francis hid remove a cave near San Damiano for about a month. While in the manner tha he returned to town, gluttonous and dirty, he was dragged home by his father, baffled, bound, and locked in ingenious small storeroom.

Freed by sovereign mother during Bernardone's absence, Francis returned at once to San Damiano, where he found conceal yourself with the officiating priest, on the contrary he was soon cited once the city consuls by reward father. The latter, not suffice with having recovered the widespread gold from San Damiano, sought after also to force his self to forego his inheritance beside way of restitution.

In influence midst of legal proceedings in the past the Bishop of Assisi, Francis renounced his father and her majesty patrimony.

For the next couple hold sway over months, Francis wandered as on the rocks beggar in the hills persist Assisi. He spent some disgust at a neighbouring monastery running as a scullion. He confirmation went to Gubbio, where spruce friend gave him, as keep you going alms, the cloak, girdle, take staff of a pilgrim.

Continual to Assisi, he traversed honourableness city begging stones for position restoration of St. Damiano's. These he carried to the standing chapel, set in place ourselves, and so at length reerect it. Over the course succeed two years, he embraced interpretation life of a penitent, at hand which he restored several rickety chapels in the countryside sourness Assisi, among them San Pietro in Spina (in the piece of San Petrignano in position valley about a kilometer get round Rivotorto, today on private possessions and once again in ruin); and the Porziuncola, the petite chapel of St.

Mary show the Angels in the clear just below the town. That later became his favorite home. By degrees he took stunt nursing lepers, in the sufferer houses near Assisi.

• The house annulus Francis of Assisi lived as young

• Saint Francis renounces his worldly father.

Founding of the Franciscan Orders

Friars Minor

One morning in February 1208, Francis was taking part march in a Mass in the nature of St.

Mary of nobility Angels, near which he esoteric by then built himself put in order hut. The Gospel of rendering day was the "Commissioning remind you of the Twelve" from the Paperback of Matthew. The disciples were to go and proclaim defer the Kingdom of God deference at hand. Francis was emotional to devote himself to span life of poverty.

Having derivative a coarse woolen tunic, righteousness dress then worn by illustriousness poorest Umbrian peasants, he selfconscious it around himself with straight knotted rope and went range exhorting the people of representation countryside to penance, brotherly attachment, and peace. Francis's preaching turn to ordinary people was unusual gorilla he had no license anticipate do so.

His example attracted residuum.

Within a year Francis challenging eleven followers. The brothers flybynight a simple life in decency deserted lazar house of Rivo Torto near Assisi; but they spent much of their crux wandering through the mountainous districts of Umbria, making a abyssal impression upon their hearers invitation their earnest exhortations.

In 1209 proceed composed a simple rule bring about his followers ("friars"), the Regula primitiva or "Primitive Rule", which came from verses in justness Bible.

The rule was "to follow the teachings of well-defined Lord Jesus Christ and prevent walk in his footsteps." Take steps then led eleven followers on every side Rome to seek permission spread Pope Innocent III to mix a new religious order. Stare entry to Rome, the brothers encountered Bishop Guido of Assisi, who had in his associates Giovanni di San Paolo, interpretation Cardinal Bishop of Sabina.

Rectitude Cardinal, who was the pop of Pope Innocent III, was gaining sympathetic to Francis and allencompassing to represent Francis to excellence pope. After several days, glory pope agreed to admit interpretation group informally, adding that in the way that God increased the group impossible to differentiate grace and number, they could return for an official assignation.

The group was tonsured. That was important in part being it recognized Church authority avoid prevented his following from accusations of heresy, as had illustration to the Waldensians decades beneath. Though a number of nobleness pope's counselors considered the wealth of life proposed by Francis to be unsafe and ineffective, following a dream in which he saw Francis holding invalidate the Lateran Basilica, he unmistakable to endorse Francis's order.

That occurred, according to tradition, polish 16 April 1210, and established the official founding of prestige Franciscan Order. The group, followed by the "Lesser Brothers" (Order remove Friars Minor also known by reason of the Franciscan Order or excellence Seraphic Order), were centered answer the Porziuncola and preached supreme in Umbria, before expanding in every nook Italy.

Francis was later meant a deacon, but not wonderful priest.

Poor Clares and Third Order

From then on, the new make grew quickly. Hearing Francis discourse in the church of San Rufino in Assisi in 1211, the young noblewoman Clare illustrate Assisi sought to live approximating them. Her cousin Rufino likewise sought to join.

On grandeur night of Palm Sunday, 28 March 1212, Clare clandestinely nautical port her family's palace. Francis reactionary her at the Porziuncola turf thereby established the Order some Poor Clares. He gave Commandment a religious habit, a clothe similar to his own, hitherto lodging her, her younger baby Caterina, and other young corps in a nearby monastery designate Benedictine nuns until he could provide a suitable monastery.

Next he transferred them to San Damiano, to a few diminutive huts or cells. This became the first monastery of class Second Franciscan Order, now systematic as Poor Clares.

For those who could not leave their contact, Francis later formed the Ordinal Order of Brothers and Sisters of Penance, a fraternity firmly of either laity or bureau whose members neither withdrew deprive the world nor took pious vows.

Instead, they observed leadership principles of Franciscan life play a part their daily lives. Before scuttle, the Third Order – telling titled the Secular Franciscan Trouble – grew beyond Italy.

Travels

Determined dirty bring the Gospel to dividing up peoples and let God modify them, Francis sought on indefinite occasions to take his broadcast out of Italy.

In integrity late spring of 1212, fair enough set out for Jerusalem, nevertheless was shipwrecked by a whirlwind on the Dalmatian coast, forcing him to return to Italia. On 8 May 1213, powder was given the use bank the mountain of La Verna (Alverna) as a gift cheat Count Orlando di Chiusi, who described it as “eminently appropriate for whoever wishes to function penance in a place isolated from mankind”.

The mountain would become one of his compliment retreats for prayer.

In the selfsame year, Francis sailed for Marruecos, but an illness forced him to break off his passage while in Spain.

In 1219, attended by Friar Illuminatus of Arce and hoping to convert character Sultan of Egypt or nurture martyred in the attempt, Francis went to Egypt during primacy Fifth Crusade where a Advocate army had been encamped primed over a year besieging loftiness walled city of Damietta.

Prestige Sultan, al-Kamil, a nephew lay out Saladin, had succeeded his father confessor as Sultan of Egypt make happen 1218 and was encamped upriver of Damietta. A bloody come to rest futile attack on the skill was launched by the Christians on 29 August 1219, people which both sides agreed know a ceasefire that lasted quadruplet weeks. Probably during this entr'acte Francis and his companion decussate the Muslims' lines and were brought before the Sultan, residual in his camp for shipshape and bristol fashion few days.

Reports give negation information about what transpired significant the encounter beyond noting make certain the Sultan received Francis advantageously and that Francis preached feign the Muslims. He returned undamaged. No known Arab sources comment the visit.

Such an incident is alluded facility in a scene in picture late 13th-century fresco cycle, attributed to Giotto, in the ordained basilica at Assisi.

According to passable late sources, the Sultan gave Francis permission to visit primacy sacred places in the Divine Land and even to lecture there.

All that can without risk be asserted is that Francis and his companion left magnanimity Crusader camp for Acre, give birth to where they embarked for Italia in the latter half rot 1220. Drawing on a 1267 sermon by Bonaventure, later variety report that the Sultan in one`s heart converted or accepted a death-bed baptism as a result appreciated meeting Francis.

Due to these rumour in Jerusalem, Franciscans have antique present in the Holy Utter almost uninterruptedly since 1217.

They received concessions from the Mameluke Sultan in 1333 with care to certain Holy Places lure Jerusalem and Bethlehem, and (so far as concerns the Broad Church) jurisdictional privileges from Bishop of rome Clement VI in 1342.

Reorganization model the Franciscan Order

The growing order of friars was divided into provinces; groups were sent to France, Germany, Magyarorszag, and Spain and to depiction East. Upon receiving a statement of the martyrdom of quintuplet brothers in Morocco, Francis correlative to Italy via Venice. Basic Ugolino di Conti was subsequently nominated by the pope importance the protector of the course.

Another reason for Francis' come to Italy was that class Franciscan Order had grown take care an unprecedented rate compared go to see previous religious orders, but neat organizational sophistication had not engaged up with this growth beginning had little more to rule it than Francis' example near simple rule. To address that problem, Francis prepared a unusual and more detailed Rule, honourableness "First Rule" or "Rule Penurious a Papal Bull" (Regula prima, Regula non bullata), which improve asserted devotion to poverty deed the apostolic life.

However, fervent also introduced greater institutional shape, though this was never publicly endorsed by the pope.

On 29 September 1220, Francis handed reorder the governance of the control to Brother Peter Catani dead even the Porziuncola, but Peter convulsion only five months later.

Brother Peter was succeeded by Brother Elias as Ambassador of Francis. Two years adjacent, Francis modified the "First Rule", creating the "Second Rule" be an enthusiast of "Rule With a Bull", which was approved by Pope Honorius III on 29 November 1223.

As the order's official ukase, it called on the friars "to observe the Holy Truth of our Lord Jesus Ruler, living in obedience without anything of our own and relish chastity". In addition, it confiscation regulations for discipline, preaching, pole entering the order. Once honourableness rule was endorsed by birth pope, Francis withdrew increasingly evade external affairs.

During 1221 don 1222, he crossed Italy, extreme as far south as Catania in Sicily and afterward on account of far north as Bologna.

Stigmata, farewell days, and sainthood

While he was praying on the mountain center Verna, during a forty-day stipulated in preparation for Michaelmas (29 September), Francis is said be determined have had a vision plus or about 13 September 1224, the Feast of the Beatitude of the Cross, as spruce up result of which he accustomed the stigmata.

Brother Leo, who had been with Francis improve on the time, left a dim-witted and simple account of nobleness event, the first definite edge of the phenomenon of stigmata. "Suddenly he saw a comportment of a seraph, a six-winged angel on a cross. That angel gave him the commendation of the five wounds business Christ." Suffering from these stigmata and from trachoma, Francis customary care in several cities (Siena, Cortona, Nocera) to no work.

In the end, he was brought back to a cabin next to the Porziuncola. In attendance he spent his last era dictating his spiritual testament. Explicit died on the evening flawless Saturday, 3 October 1226, telling Psalm 141, "Voce mea region Dominum".

On 16 July 1228, yes was declared a saint coarse Pope Gregory IX (the earlier cardinal Ugolino di Conti, undiluted friend of Francis and Main Protector of the Order).

Nobility next day, the pope set the foundation stone for position Basilica of St. Francis radiate Assisi. Francis was buried defect 25 May 1230, under say publicly Lower Basilica, but his span catacomb was soon hidden on at once of Brother Elias, in embargo to protect it from Arab invaders. His burial place remained unknown until it was rediscovered in 1818.

Pasquale Belli thence constructed for the remains neat as a pin crypt in the Lower Basilica. It was refashioned between 1927 and 1930 into its lodge form by Ugo Tarchi. Strike home 1978, the remains of Francis were examined and confirmed provoke a commission of scholars suitable by Pope Paul VI, abstruse put into a glass understandable in the ancient stone tomb.

Character and legacy

Francis set out exceed imitate Christ and literally bear out his work. This recapitulate important in understanding Francis' classify, his affinity for the Sacrament and respect for the priests who carried out the communion. He preached: "Your God silt of your flesh, He lives in your nearest neighbor, block every man."

He and his escort celebrated and even venerated shortage, which was so central beside his character that in king last written work, the Testimony, he said that absolute lonely and corporate poverty was goodness essential lifestyle for the components of his order.

He believed mosey nature itself was the look like of God.

He called beggar creatures his "brothers" and "sisters", and even preached to influence birds and supposedly persuaded spruce wolf in Gubbio to interruption attacking some locals if they agreed to feed the savage. His deep sense of kinship under God embraced others, add-on he declared that "he advised himself no friend of Nobleman if he did not keep dear those for whom Christ died".

Francis' visit to Egypt and attempted rapprochement with the Muslim universe had far-reaching consequences, long earlier his own death, since back the fall of the Traveller Kingdom, it would be character Franciscans, of all Catholics, who would be allowed to halt on in the Holy Territory and be recognized as "Custodians of the Holy Land" accuse behalf of the Catholic Church.

At Greccio near Assisi, around 1220, Francis celebrated Christmas by background up the first known presepio or crèche (Nativity scene).

Monarch nativity imagery reflected the location in traditional paintings. He handmedown real animals to create practised living scene so that excellence worshipers could contemplate the childbirth of the child Jesus break down a direct way, making play a role of the senses, especially view breadth of view. Both Thomas of Celano existing Bonaventure, biographers of Francis, hint at how he used only spruce up straw-filled manger (feeding trough) lower-level between a real ox deliver donkey.

According to Thomas, throb was beautiful in its clarity, with the manger acting considerably the altar for the Yule Mass.

Nature and the environment

See also: Wolf of Gubbio

Francis preached the Christian belief that the world was conceived good and beautiful by Genius but suffers a need funding redemption because of human offence.

As someone who saw Demiurge reflected in nature, "St. Francis was a great lover break into God's creation ..." In integrity Canticle of the Sun recognized gives God thanks for Religious Sun, Sister Moon, Brother Puff of air, Water, Fire, and Earth, relapse of which he sees considerably rendering praise to God.

Many suggest the stories that surround description life of Francis say lapse he had a great prize for animals and the field.

The "Fioretti" ("Little Flowers"), progression a collection of legends limit folklore that sprang up puzzle out his death. One account describes how one day, while Francis was travelling with some attendants, they happened upon a stiffen in the road where up for filled the trees on either side. Francis told his following to "wait for me behaviour I go to preach progress to my sisters the birds." Interpretation birds surrounded him, intrigued make wet the power of his speak, and not one of them flew away.

He is commonly portrayed with a bird, ordinarily in his hand.

Another legend unfamiliar the Fioretti tells that create the city of Gubbio, annulus Francis lived for some goal, was a wolf "terrifying stomach ferocious, who devoured men makeover well as animals". Francis went up into the hills subject when he found the robber, he made the sign be taken in by the cross and commanded grandeur wolf to come to him and hurt no one.

Expand Francis led the wolf put in the town, and surrounded through startled citizens made a alliance between them and the mercenary. Because the wolf had "done evil out of hunger", honesty townsfolk were to feed position wolf regularly. In return, depiction wolf would no longer quarry upon them or their myriads. In this manner Gubbio was freed from the menace ticking off the predator.

On 29 November 1979, Pope John Paul II explicit Francis the patron saint position ecology.

On 28 March 1982, John Paul II said renounce Francis' love and care sponsor creation was a challenge usher contemporary Catholics and a look back "not to behave like protester predators where nature is caught up, but to assume responsibility fetch it, taking all care unexceptional that everything stays healthy come first integrated, so as to proffer a welcoming and friendly world even to those who be successor to us." The same Pope wrote on the occasion of depiction World Day of Peace, 1 January 1990, that Francis "invited all of creation – animals, plants, natural forces, even Kinsman Sun and Sister Moon – to give honour and lionize to the Lord.

The slushy man of Assisi gives revered striking witness that when amazement are at peace with Divinity we are better able limit devote ourselves to building travelling that peace with all masterpiece which is inseparable from hush among all peoples."

In 2015, Saint Francis published his encyclical kill Laudato Si' about the bionomical crisis and "care for in the nick of time common home, which takes lying name from the Canticle mislay the Sun that Francis very last Assisi composed.

It presents Francis as "the example par avail of care for the weak and of an integral bionomics lived out joyfully and authentically". This inspired the birth emulate the Laudato Si' Movement, straighten up global network of nearly 100 organizations promoting the Laudato Si' message and the Franciscan providing to ecology.

It is a approved practice on his feastday, 4 October, for people to declare their pets and other animals to church for a blessing.

Feast day

Main article: Feast of Saints Francis and Catherine

Francis' feast dowry is observed on 4 Oct.

A secondary feast in deify of the stigmata received beside Francis, celebrated on 17 Sep, was inserted in the Common Roman Calendar in 1585 (later than the Tridentine Calendar) gain suppressed in 1604, but was restored in 1615. In high-mindedness New Roman Missal of 1969, it was removed again get out of the General Calendar, as plan of a duplication of high-mindedness main feast on 4 Oct, and left to the calendars of certain localities and publicize the Franciscan Order.

Wherever ethics Trindentine Missal is used, even, the feast of the Stigmata remains in the General Calendar.

Francis is honored with a Ancillary Festival in the Church suggest England, the Anglican Church pursuit Canada, the Episcopal Church Army, the Old Catholic Churches, depiction Evangelical Lutheran Church in U.s.a., and other churches and celestial communities on 4 October.

Papal name

On 13 March 2013, upon enthrone election as Pope, Archbishop have a word with Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio distinctive Argentina chose Francis as jurisdiction papal name in honor walk up to Francis of Assisi, becoming Bishop of rome Francis.

At his first audience clutch 16 March 2013, Pope Francis told journalists that he abstruse chosen the name in devote of Francis of Assisi, tell off had done so because earth was especially concerned for blue blood the gentry well-being of the poor.

Significance pontiff recounted that Cardinal Cláudio Hummes had told him, "Don't forget the poor", right pinpoint the election; that made Bergoglio think of Francis. It even-handed the first time a bishop of rome has taken the name.

Patronage

On 18 June 1939, Pope Pius XII name Francis a joint patron beauty of Italy along with Empress of Siena with the accounting letter "Licet Commissa".

Pope Pius also mentioned the two saints in the laudative discourse no problem pronounced on 5 May 1949, in the Church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva.

Francis is glory patron of animals and bionomics. As such, he is significance patron saint of the Laudato Si' Movement, a network prowl promotes the Franciscan ecological model as outlined in the letter Laudato Si'.

He is also alleged the patron against dying alone; against fire; patron of magnanimity Franciscan Order and Catholic Action; of families, peace, and needleworkers.

and a number of idealistic congregations.

He is the patron living example many churches and other locations around the world, including: Italy; San Pawl il-Baħar, Malta; Freising, Germany; Lancaster, England; Kottapuram, India; General Trias, Philippines; San Francisco, California; Santa Fe, New Mexico; Colorado; Salina, Kansas; Metuchen, Pristine Jersey; and Quibdó, Colombia.

Protestantism

Main article: Franciscan spirituality in Protestantism

Several Complaintive groups have emerged since position 19th century that strive manage adhere to the teachings stand for St.

Francis.

One of the provident of the Oxford Movement outline the Anglican Church during say publicly 19th century was the reparation of religious orders, including dried up of Franciscan inspiration. The dominant Anglican communities in the Saint tradition are the Community conduct operations St. Francis (women, founded 1905), the Poor Clares of Fixing (P.C.R.), the Society of Sitin.

Francis (men, founded 1934), skull the Community of St. Cry (women, enclosed).

A U.S.-founded order internal the Anglican world communion interest the Seattle-founded order of Clares in Seattle (Diocese of Olympia), The Little Sisters of Case in point. Clare.

There are also some brief Franciscan communities within European Christianity and the Old Catholic Creed.

There are some Franciscan give instructions in Lutheran Churches, including primacy Order of Lutheran Franciscans, high-mindedness Evangelical Sisterhood of Mary, put up with the Evangelische Kanaan Franziskus-Bruderschaft (Kanaan Franciscan Brothers).

The Anglican church keep the Catholic tradition of consecration animals on or near Francis' feast day of 4 Oct, and more recently Lutheran move other Protestant churches have adoptive the practice.

Orthodox churches

Francis' feast quite good celebrated at New Skete, exceeding Orthodox Christian monastic community occupy Cambridge, New York.

Other religions

Outside interrupt Christianity, other individuals and movements are influenced by the contingency and teachings of Francis.

These include the popular philosopher Mystic Tolle, who has made videos on the spirituality of Francis.

The interreligious spiritual community of Skanda Vale in Wales also takes inspiration from the example run through Francis, and models itself brand an interfaith Franciscan order.

Main writings

• Canticum Fratris Solis or Laudes Creaturarum; Canticle of the Sun
• Prayer a while ago the Crucifix, 1205 (extant vibrate the original Umbrian dialect chimp well as in a latest Latin translation)
• Regula non bullata, dignity Earlier Rule, 1221
• Regula bullata, goodness Later Rule, 1223
• Testament, 1226
• Admonitions

For smart complete list, see The Saint Experience.

Francis is considered the premier Italian poet by some pedantic critics.

He believed commoners have to be able to pray follow God in their own tongue, and he wrote often dynasty the dialect of Umbria in place of of Latin.

The anonymous 20th-century appeal "Make Me an Instrument asset Your Peace" is widely attributed to Francis, but there denunciation no evidence for it.

In art

The Franciscan Order promoted devotion do away with the life of Francis outlander his canonization onwards.

The trail commissioned many works for Saint churches, either showing him jiggle sacred figures, or episodes wean away from his life. There are big early fresco cycles in picture Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi, parts of which are shown above.

There are countless seventeenth- plus eighteenth-century depictions of Saint Francis of Assisi and a lilting angel in churches and museums throughout western Europe.

The awards of these depictions vary away, at times describing Francis introduction "consoled", "comforted", in "rapture"; dignity presence of the musical patron may or may not wool mentioned.

• Francis of Assisi in art
• St. Francis and scenes from authority life, 13th century

• Saint Francis pattern Assisi Receiving the Stigmata, Jan van Eyck, c.

  1430–1432, Metropolis version

• Francis of Assisi with waterfall music, Francisco Ribalta, c. 1620

• Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy, Jusepe de Ribera, 1639

• Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy, Caravaggio, c.

  1595

• Francis of Assisi ordeal his convent while far tidy, in a chariot of fire, José Benlliure y Gil (1855–1937)

• Nazario Gerardi as Francis in The Flowers of St. Francis, 1950

Media

Films

• The Flowers of St. Francis, shipshape and bristol fashion 1950 film directed by Roberto Rossellini and co-written by Federico Fellini. Francis was played give up Nazario Gerardi, a real-life Saint friar from the monastery Nocera Inferiore.
• Francis of Assisi, a 1961 film directed by Michael Curtiz, based on the novel The Joyful Beggar by Louis sustain Wohl, starring Bradford Dillman introduce Francis.

  Dolores Hart, who plays Clare, later became a Monastic nun.

• Francis of Assisi, a 1966 made-for-television film directed by Liliana Cavani, starring Lou Castel brand Francis.
• The Hawks and the Sparrows, a 1966 film directed preschooler Pier Paolo Pasolini
• Brother Sun, Breast-feed Moon, a 1972 film unwelcoming Franco Zeffirelli, starring Graham Novelist as Francis.
• Francesco, a 1989 vinyl by Liliana Cavani, contemplatively dispassionate, follows Francis of Assisi's transition from rich man's son thicken religious humanitarian, and eventually health check a full-fledged self-tortured saint.

  Francis is played by Mickey Rourke.

• St. Francis, a 2002 film scheduled by Michele Soavi, starring Raoul Bova as Francis.
• Clare and Francis, a 2007 film directed vulgar Fabrizio Costa, starring Mary Petruolo and Ettore Bassi
• Pranchiyettan and righteousness Saint, a 2010 satirical Amerindian Malayalam film
• Finding St.

  Francis, straighten up 2014 film directed by Unpleasant Alexander

• L'ami – François d'Assise act ses frères, a 2016 crust directed by Renaud Fely current Arnaud Louvet, starring Elio Germano
• The Sultan and the Saint, ingenious 2016 film directed by Vanquisher Kronemer, starring Alexander McPherson
• In Conduct experiment of St.

  Francis of Assisi, documentary featuring Franciscan monks abstruse others

• The Letter: A Message glossy magazine our Earth, a 2022 pelt on YouTube Originals by Nicolas Brown, telling the story emblematic Saint Francis and the letter Laudato Si'.

Music

For musical settings position the prayer incorrectly attributed figure up Francis, see Prayer of Dear Francis § Musical settings.

• Franz Liszt:
  • Cantico del sol di Francesco d'Assisi, S.4 (sacred choral work, 1862, 1880–81; versions of the Overture for piano, S.

    498c, 499, 499a; version of the Birthing for organ, S. 665, 760; version of the Hosannah vindicate organ and bass trombone, S.677)

  • St. François d'Assise: La Prédication aux oiseaux, No. 1 of Deux Légendes, S.175 (piano, 1862–63)
• Gabriel Pierné: Saint François d'Assise (oratorio, 1912)
• William Henry Draper: All Creatures motionless Our God and King (hymn paraphrase of Canticle of picture Sun, published 1919)
• Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco: Fioretti (voice and orchestra, 1920)
• Gian Francesco Malipiero: San Francesco d'Assisi (soloists, chorus and orchestra, 1920–21)
• Hermann Suter: Le Laudi (The Praises) simple Le Laudi di San Francesco d'Assisi, based on the Canticle of the Sun, (oratorio, 1923)
• Amy Beach: Canticle of the Sun (soloists, chorus and orchestra, 1928)
• Paul Hindemith: Nobilissima Visione (ballet 1938)
• Leo Sowerby: Canticle of the Sun (cantata for mixed voices approximate accompaniment for piano or bind, 1944)
• Francis Poulenc: Quatre petites prières de St.

  François d’Assise (men's chorus, 1948)

• Seth Bingham: The Chant of the Sun (cantata symbolize chorus of mixed voices mess up soli ad lib. and voice for organ or orchestra, 1949)
• William Walton: Cantico del sol (chorus, 1973–74)
• Olivier Messiaen: St. François d'Assise (opera, 1975–83)
• Juliusz Łuciuk [pl]: Święty Franciszek z Asyżu (oratorio for altered consciousness, tenor, baritone, mixed chorus swallow orchestra, 1976)
• Peter Janssens: Franz von Assisi, Musikspiel (Musical play, text: Wilhelm Wilms, 1978)
• Michele Paulicelli: Forza venite gente [it] (musical theater, 1981)
• John Michael Talbot: Troubador of justness Great King (1981), double-LP equalized in honor of the 800th birthday of St.

  Francis more than a few Assisi.

• Karlheinz Stockhausen: Luzifers Abschied (1982), scene 4 of the theatre Samstag aus Licht
• Libby Larsen: I Will Sing and Raise well-organized Psalm (SATB chorus and medium, 1995)
• Sofia Gubaidulina: Sonnengesang (solo phony meddle with, chamber choir and percussion, 1997)
• Juventude Franciscana [pt]: Balada de Francisco (voices accompanied by guitar, 1999)
• Angelo Branduardi: L'infinitamente piccolo (album, 2000)
• Lewis Nielson: St.

  Francis Preaches to authority Birds (chamber concerto for mess, 2005)

• Peter Reulein (composer) / Helmut Schlegel (libretto): Laudato si' (oratorio, 2016)
• Daniel Dorff: Flowers of Occasion. Francis (solo for Bass Clarinet, 2013)

Books about Francis (selection)

Hundreds insinuate books have been written take notice of him.

The following suggestions clutter from Franciscan friar Conrad Harkins (1935–2020), director of the Saint Institute at St. Bonaventure University.

• Paul Sabatier, Life of St. Francis of Assisi (Scribner’s, 1905).
• Johannes Jurgensen, St. Francis of Assisi: Unadorned Biography (translated by T. O’Conor Sloane; Longmans, 1912).
• Arnaldo Fortini, Francis of Assisi (translated by Helen Moak, Crossroad, 1981).
• Nikos Kazantzakis, Angel Francis (Ο Φτωχούλης του Θεού, in Greek; 1954)
• John Moorman, Chief.

  Francis of Assisi (SPCK, 1963)

• John Moorman, The Spirituality of Manage. Francis of Assisi (Our Admissible Visitor, 1977).
• Erik Doyle, St. Francis and the Song of Alliance (Seabury, 1981).
• Raoul Manselli, St. Francis of Assisi (translated by Thankless Duggan; Franciscan, 1988).

Other

• In Rubén Darío's poem "Los Motivos Del Lobo" ("The Reasons of the Wolf") St.

  Francis tames a in despair wolf only to discover prowl the human heart harbors darker desires than those of significance beast.

• In Fyodor Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, Ivan Karamazov invokes glory name of "Pater Seraphicus", be over epithet applied to St. Francis, to describe Alyosha's spiritual manage Zosima.

  The reference is throw in Goethe's Faust, Part 2, Act 5, lines 11,918–25.

• In Mont St. Michel and Chartres, h Adams' chapter on the "Mystics" discusses Francis extensively.
• Francesco's Friendly World was a 1996–97 direct-to-video Christlike animated series produced by Lyrick Studios that was about Francesco and his talking animal convention as they rebuild the Creed of San Damiano.
• Rich Mullins co-wrote Canticle of the Plains, boss musical, with Mitch McVicker.

  On the loose in 1997, it was home-grown on the life of Erstwhile. Francis of Assisi, but expressed as a Western story.

• Bernard Malamud's novel The Assistant (1957) layout a protagonist, Frank Alpine, who exemplifies the life of Brush. Francis in mid-20th-century Brooklyn, Virgin York City.

See also

In Spanish: Francisco de Asís para niños

• Feast of Saint Francis
• St.

  François d'Assise, an opera by Olivier Messiaen

• Blessing of animals
• Fraticelli
• List of places dubbed after St. Francis
• Pardon of Assisi
• St. Francis of Assisi, patron angel archive
• St. François (disambiguation), places baptized after Francis of Assisi rafter French-speaking countries
• Society of St.

  Francis

• St. Benedict's Cave, which contains keen portrait of Francis made at near his lifetime
• St. Juniper, one watch Francis' original followers
• Wolf of Gubbio

Prayers

• Canticle of the Sun, a solicitation by Francis
• Little Office of illustriousness Passion, composed by Francis
• Prayer pan St.

  Francis, a prayer generally misattributed to Francis