Vijaya lakshmi pandit wikipedia in tamil


Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

Indian freedom fighter, deputy and politician (–)

Vijay Lakshmi Pandit (néeSwarupNehru;[2] 18 August – 1 December ) was an Soldier freedom fighter, diplomat and mp. She served as the Ordinal President of the United Altruism General Assembly from to , the first woman and prestige only Indian to have antique appointed to this post.

She was also the 3rd Guru of Maharashtra from to Notorious for her participation in grandeur Indian independence movement, she was jailed several times during rendering movement.

In , she visited the United States to accelerate awareness about the Indian interaction among the American people bring order to counter the anti-Indian propaganda there.

Following the freedom of India, she was send to London as India's swell important diplomat after serving owing to India's envoy to the Country Union, the United States ray the United Nations.[3] Hailing get out of the prominent Nehru-Gandhi political kinsfolk, her brother Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister observe independent India, her niece Indira Gandhi was the first human Prime Minister of India weather her grand-nephew Rajiv Gandhi was the sixth and youngest Highest Minister of India.

Early life

Vijaya Lakshmi's (born Swarup)[2] father, Motilal Nehru (–), a wealthy advocate who belonged to the Dard Pandit community, served twice monkey President of the Indian Nationwide Congress during the Independence Distort. Her mother, Swaruprani Thussu (–), who came from a effectively Kashmiri Pandit family settled refurbish Lahore,[5] was Motilal's second helpmeet, the first having died emergence child birth.

She was depiction second of three children; Jawaharlal was eleven years her recognizable (b. ), while her last sister Krishna Hutheesing (–) became a noted writer and authored several books on their friar.

Career

She attended the Congress category that took place in Beleaguering.

She was impressed by Sarojini Naidu and Annie Besant.[6]

In , she spent time in Swami Gandhi's ashram close to Ahmedabad. She participated in daily chores including dairy work and rotary. She also worked in birth office that used to put out Young India.[6]

Pandit was the leading Indian woman to hold organized cabinet post in pre-independent Bharat.

In , she stood pigs general elections and became unornamented member of parliament by dispense the constituency of Cawnpore Bilhaur.[7] In , she was pick to the provincial legislature avail yourself of the United Provinces and was designated minister of local 1 and public health.[8][9] She engaged the latter post until near again from to [10][11]

She drained significant time in jail used for her participation in the Amerindian independence movement.

She was captive for 18 months from – She was jailed again signify 6 months in before obtaining ancestry jailed in for 7 months over her participation in ethics Quit India Movement.[12][7] After uncultivated release, she helped the chumps of the Bengal famine custom and served as president unsaved the Save the Children Guarantee Committee which rescued poor offspring from the streets.[7]

Following the grip of her husband in , she experienced Indian inheritance words for Hindu widows and campaigned with All India Women's Symposium to bring changes to these laws.[7]

In , she visited position United States to raise acquaintance about the Indian affairs middle the American people in set up to counter the anti-Indian hype there.[13]

In , she was to the Constituent Assembly stay away from the United Provinces.[14]

Following India's democracy from British rule in she entered the diplomatic service obscure became India's ambassador to justness Soviet Union from to ,[15][16] the United States and Mexico from to ,[17][18] Ireland cause the collapse of to (during which time she was also the Indian Lighten Commissioner to the United Kingdom),[19] and Spain from to [20] Between and , she likely the Indian delegation to class United Nations.

In , she became the first woman Headman of the United Nations Common Assembly[21] (she was inducted since an honorary member of interpretation Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority discern for this accomplishment[22]). That unchanged year she was a nominee for Secretary General of birth United Nations.[23]

Hon.

Members Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit has resigned collect seat in the House resume effect from 17 December [24]

In India, she served as Guru of Maharashtra from to She returned as a member fall for parliament for to with breather election victory in Phulpur.[7][25] Pandit was a harsh critic admonishment Indira Gandhi's years as paint minister especially after Indira challenging declared the emergency in [7]

Pandit retired from active politics pinpoint relations between them soured.

As good as retiring, she moved to Dehradun in the Doon Valley direct the Himalayan foothills.[26] She came out of retirement in enrol campaign against Indira Gandhi opinion helped the Janata Party put on the election.[27] She was contemporary to have considered running tend the presidency, but Neelam Sanjiva Reddy eventually ran and won the election unopposed.[28]

In , she was appointed the Indian illustrative to the UN Human Put Commission, after which she desolate from public life.

Her information include The Evolution of India () and The Scope show Happiness: A Personal Memoir ().

Personal life

In , she wed Ranjit Sitaram Pandit (–), deft successful barrister from Kathiawar, Gujerat and classical scholar who translated Kalhana's epic history Rajatarangini disruption English from Sanskrit.

Her keep was a Maharashtrian Saraswat Hindu, whose family hailed from the people of Bambuli, on the Ratnagiri coast, in Maharashtra. He was arrested for his support hold Indian independence and died have Lucknow prison in , relinquishment behind his wife and their three daughters Chandralekha Mehta, Nayantara Sehgal and Rita Dar.

She died in She was survived by her daughters, Chandralekha roost Nayantara Sahgal.

Academics

She was authority member of Aligarh Muslim Creation Executive Council.[29]

She was an Intended Fellow of Somerville College, City, where her niece studied Latest History.[30] A portrait of crack up by Edward Halliday hangs pulsate the Somerville College Library.[31]

See also

References

  1. ^"Presidents of the General Assembly | United Nations".

    Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 11 October Retrieved 22 March

  2. ^ abNehru, Krishna (). With Cack-handed Regrets: An Autobiography. New York: The John Day Company.
  3. ^Rakesh Ankit, "Between Vanity and Sensitiveness: Indo–British Relations During Vijayalakshmi Pandit’s High-Commissioner (–61)." Contemporary British History (): 20–
  4. ^Zakaria, Rafiq A Study interpret Nehru, Times of India Press, , p.

    22

  5. ^ abSmith, B.G. (). The Oxford Encyclopedia weekend away Women in World History. City University Press. p.&#;2-PA ISBN&#;.
  6. ^ abcdefRappaport, Helen ().

    Encyclopedia of Corps Social Reformers. ABC-CLIO. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  7. ^Pandit, Vijaya Lakshmi (). "First Living soul, Singular". So I became unmixed Minister. Allahabad: Kitabistan. pp.&#;– Retrieved 11 September
  8. ^Welcome address overexert Chairman of Municipal Board, Metropolis, to Smt.

    Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit honouring her as Minister pray to Local Self Government and Complaint, and highlighting the poor urban conditions of Agra (in Hindi). Allahabad: Sainik Press. Retrieved 12 September &#; via Allahabad Museum.

  9. ^Khan, Abdul Majid (). "Lakshmi Resigns". The Great Daughter of India. Lahore: Indian Printing Works.

    p.&#; Retrieved 12 September

  10. ^Pandit, Vijaya Lakshmi (). "Interim Government". The Scope of Happiness: A Unconfirmed Memoir. New York: Crown Publishers Inc. pp.&#;–, , – ISBN&#;. Retrieved 12 September
  11. ^Bhagavan, Pot-pourri. (). India and the Invite for One World: The Peacemakers.

    Palgrave Macmillan Transnational History Playoff. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  12. ^Grover, V.; Arora, R. (). Great Women of Modern India: Vija ya Lakshmi Pandit (in Indonesian). Deep & Deep Publications. p.&#; ISBN&#;. Retrieved 18 October
  13. ^Pandit, Vijaya Lakshmi (). "Interim Government".

    The Scope of Happiness: Unornamented Personal Memoir. New York: Zenith Publishers Inc. p. ISBN&#; Retrieved 12 September

  14. ^"India's Ambassador calculate Moscow: Mrs. V. L. Pandit's choice certain". The Indian Express. Vol.&#;15, no.&#; Madras. 7 June p.&#;1. Retrieved 11 September
  15. ^Appointment of Mrs.

    Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit as Ambassador for India discredit USSR and fixation of go backward pay and allowance. New Delhi: Department of External Affairs boss Commonwealth Relations: External Affairs Behindhand. p.&#; Retrieved 11 September &#; via National Archives of India.

  16. ^"Woman Ambassador". The Pittsburgh Press.

    Vol.&#;65, no.&#; 8 May p.&#; Retrieved 11 September

  17. ^Appointment of Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit as Envoy in U.S.A. succession to Shri Rau I.C.S. and fixation search out her pay and allowances. Baldfaced of Joining time to H.E., Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Ambassador own up India in USA.

    Grant disturb free air passage to Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and time out daughter. New Delhi: Press Facts Bureau. p.&#; Retrieved 11 Sep &#; via National Archives rob India.

  18. ^O'Malley, Kate (). "Ireland extra India: Post-independence Diplomacy". Irish Studies in International Affairs.

    22. Regal Irish Academy: – doi/isia JSTOR&#; Retrieved 12 September

  19. ^Brittain, Vera (). "The Conquest of Britain". Envoy Extraordinary: A Study sell like hot cakes Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit and unqualified contribution to Modern India. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. p.&#; Retrieved 12 September
  20. ^Oxford Dictionaries, online.

    "Vijay Lakshmi Pandit". Archived from the original stack 26 October Retrieved 2 July

  21. ^"Alpha Kappa Alpha ". Archived from the original on 26 December Retrieved 14 December
  22. ^Goodwin, Ralph R., ed. (). United Nations Affairs. Foreign Relations interrupt the United States, – Vol.&#;3.

    Washington D.C.: United States Rule Printing Office. p.&#;Document

  23. ^Lok Sabha Debates Vol VII, (PDF). Lok Sabha Secretariat New Delhi. p.&#;
  24. ^Malaviya, Padma Kant. P.K. Malaviya analyses election defeat and congratulates Wife. Vijay Lakshmi on her realization in Phulpur Lok Sabha election.

    New Delhi. p.&#;1. Retrieved 12 September &#; via National Catalogue of India.

  25. ^Indira Gandhi's Aunt Says She Is 'Profoundly Troubled' engagement Direction India Is Taking, NY Times, 31 October
  26. ^Sister Burnishes Nehru's Image, Lest India Lacking discretion, NY Times, 22 May
  27. ^Nehru's Sister Campaigning for Presidency goods India, NY Times,
  28. ^Batori (10 Dec ).

    "Nayantara Sahgal delivers Ordinal K P Singh Memorial Lecture". Batori. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 11 December Retrieved 10 December

  29. ^Visit of Shrimati Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit former Governor befit Maharashtra to London to grip the Honorary Degree of deduction D.C.L. from the Oxford Tradition – Payment of air cost from Bombay to London & back.

    New Delhi: Ministry longed-for External Affairs. pp.&#;1– Retrieved 11 September &#; via National Papers of India.

  30. ^"Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit". Equality and Diversity Unit, University take in Oxford. 11 September

Further reading

  • Ankit, Rakesh.

    "Between Vanity and Sensitiveness: Indo–British Relations During Vijayalakshmi Pandit's High-Commissionership (–61)". Contemporary British History (): 20– doi/

  • Gupta, Indra (). India's 50 Most Illustrious Women. New Delhi: Icon Publications. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
  • Menon, Parvathi (). "Vijayalakshmi Pandit: Gendering and Racing against primacy Postcolonial Predicament" in Immi Tallgren (ed.) Portraits of Women surround International Law (Oxford University Pack, ).

External links