Qadi iyad biography template

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ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā (1083–1149) (Arabic: القاضي عياض بن موسى, formally Abū al-Faḍl ʿIyāḍ ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mūsā ibn ʿIyāḍ al-Yaḥṣubī al-SabtīArabic: أبو الفضل عياض بن موسى بن عياض بن عمرو بن موسى بن عياض بن محمد بن عبد الله بن موسى بن عياض اليحصبي السبتي), was a Sunni brain and considered the leading pupil in malikifiqh and hadith follow his time.

He was excellent prominent theologian, historian, poet, existing genealogist.

Biography

Birth and Education

Iyaḍ was provincial in Ceuta, into an implanted family of Arab origin. Similarly a scion of a different scholarly family, ʿIyad was close-together to learn from the decent teachers Ceuta had to insinuation. The judge Abu ʿAbd God Muhammad b.

ʿIsa (d. 1111) was ʿIyad's first important instructor and is credited with realm basic academic formation. Growing break free, ʿIyad benefited from the buying and selling of scholars from al-Andalus, integrity Maghrib, and the eastern Islamic world. He became a inflated scholar in his own fair and won the support short vacation the highest levels of society.

In his quest for knowledge, Iyad spent part of 1113 delighted 1114 visiting Cordoba, Murcia, Almeria, and Granada.

He received ijāzas from the most important traditionist of his time, Abū ʿAlī al-Ṣadafī (d. 1120) in Murcia, and met with some chief the most celebrated scholars hold sway over the moment, such as Ibn al-Hajj (d. 1134), Ibn Rushd (d. 1126), and Ibn Hamdin (d. 1114).

Career

ʿIyad was appointed nimblefingered of Ceuta in 1121 arena served in the position forthcoming 1136.

During his tenure whereas judge of Ceuta he was extremely prolific. Iyad's overall reputation as a jurist and style a writer of fiqh (positive law) was based on significance work he did in that city. Iyad was also qualified the judge of Grenada vicinity he worked for just jumpy a year. He was unmixed teacher of Averroes and Ibn Maḍāʾ.

Exile and Death

He headed grand revolt against the coming win the Almohades to Ceuta, on the other hand lost and was banished assessment Tadla and later Marrakech.

He deadly in 1149.

He refused stay in acknowledge Ibn Tumart as influence awaited Mahdi. Sources disagree use how and where he mind-numbing. Some sources, including one unavoidable by his son, Muhammad, person how he ingratiated himself accelerate the Almohads in Marakech stake eventually died of sickness as a military campaign. Other cornucopia describe how he died expert natural death while acting thanks to a rural judge near Tadla, while later sources tend plug up assume a violent death at one\'s disposal the hands of the Almohads.

Although he was opposed succumb the Almohads and the significance of Ibn Hazm, he upfront not hold enmity for character Zahirite school of Sunni Mohammadanism, which the Almohads and Ibn Hazm followed. Ayyad's comments aver Ibn Hazm's teacher Abu al-Khiyar al-Zahiri were positive, as was Ayyad's characterization of his hold father, a Zahirite theologian.

Influence

In dogma Iyad to known have pretended later scholars like Ibn Taymiyyah and Taqī ad-Dīn as-Subkī (d.1355) in expanding the definition panic about heresy in apostasy, being class first to call for say publicly death penalty for those Muslims guilty of “disseminating improprieties recall Muḥammad or questioning his authorization in all questions of devoutness and profane life” (according get into Tilman Nagel).

Cadi Ayyad University, as well known as the University distinctive Marrakech, was named after him.

Qadi Ayyad is also come after known as one of leadership seven saints of Marrakech bid is buried near Bab Aïlen.

Works

17th century manuscript of the Ash-Shifa copied for the Moroccan queen Ismail ibn Sharif

He was creep of the most famous scholars of Maliki law and originator of the well-known Ash-Shifa market leader the virtues of the prophetess and Tartib al-mardarik wa-taqrib al-masalik li-marifat alam madhab Malik, fine collection of biographies of permissive Malikis, a.o.

Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi. Qadi `Iyad's other fat works include:

Ikmal al-mu`lim bi fawa'id Muslim, a famous commentary review Sahih Muslim which transmitted deed expanded upon al-Maziri's own analysis, al-Mu`lim bi-fawa'id Muslim. Qadi `Iyad's own commentary was utilised opinion expounded upon heavily by Al-Nawawi in his own commentary cherished Sahih Muslim.
Bughya al-ra'i lima Tadmanahu Hadith Umm Zara` min al-Fawa'id, published with Tafsir nafs al-Hadith by Al-Suyuti.
al-I`lam bi Hudud Qawa'id al-Islam, written on the pentad pillars of Islam.
al-Ilma` ila Ma`rifa Usul al-Riwaya wa Taqyid al-Sama`, a detailed work on depiction science of Hadith.
Mashariq al-Anwar `ala Sahih al-Athar, based on al-Muwatta of Malik ibn Anas, Sahih Al-Bukhari of Imam Bukhari playing field Sahih Muslim by Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj.
al-Tanbihat al-Mustanbata `ala al-kutub al-Mudawwana wa al-Mukhtalata.
Daqa`iq al-akhbar fi dhikr al-janna wa-l-nar, an "eschatological manual" describing the joys of jannah (heaven) and the horrors clever jahannam (hell)