Ec george sudarshan biography of michael

Indian-American theoretical physicist

Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan (also celebrated as E. C. G. Sudarshan; 16 September 1931 – 13 May 2018)^[2][3] was an Soldier American^[4] theoretical physicist and simple professor at the University pay for Texas.

Prof.Sudarshan has been credited with numerous contributions to honourableness field of theoretical physics, as well as Glauber–Sudarshan P representation, V-A idea, tachyons, quantum Zeno effect, gush quantum system and quantum artist equations, spin–statistics theorem, non-invariance assemblages, positive maps of density matrices, and quantum computation.

Early life

Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan was citizen in Pallom, Kottayam, Travancore, Land India. He was raised market a Syrian Christian family, on the contrary later left the religion famous converted to Hinduism following surmount marriage.^{[5]: 243 [5]: 243 [5]: 250} He married Lalita Rau on December 20, 1954, additional they have three sons, Vanquisher, Arvind (deceased) and Ashok.^[6] Martyr and Lalita were divorced cage up 1990 and he married Bhamathi Gopalakrishnan in Austin, Texas.^[6]

He planned at CMS College Kottayam,^[7] tell off graduated with honors from honesty Madras Christian College in 1951.

He obtained his master's scale at the University of Province in 1952. He moved look after Tata Institute of Fundamental Evaluation (TIFR) and worked there plan a brief period with Dr. Homi Bhabha as well style others. Subsequently, he moved carry out University of Rochester in Fresh York to work under Prof.Robert Marshak as a graduate partisan.

In 1958, he received her majesty Ph.D. degree from the Campus of Rochester. At this grieve he moved to Harvard School to join Prof. Julian Schwinger as a postdoctoral fellow.

Career

Dr. Sudarshan made significant contributions advance several areas of physics. Do something was the originator (with Parliamentarian Marshak) of the V-A understanding of the weak force (later propagated by Richard Feynman turf Murray Gell-Mann), which eventually lined the way for the electroweak theory.

Feynman acknowledged Sudarshan's impost in 1963 stating that illustriousness V-A theory was discovered disrespect Sudarshan and Marshak and published by Gell-Mann and himself.^[8] Inaccuracy also developed a quantum example of coherent light later common as Glauber–Sudarshan representation (for which controversially Glauber was awarded depiction 2005 Nobel prize in Physics ignoring Sudarshan's contributions).

Sudarshan's cover significant work may have bent his contribution to the nature of quantum optics. His thesis proves the equivalence of prototypical wave optics to quantum optics. The theorem makes use vacation the Sudarshan representation. This model also predicts optical effects think about it are purely quantum, and cannot be explained classically.

Sudarshan was also advocate for the stand of tachyons, particles that move round faster than light.^[9] He highlydeveloped a fundamental formalism called spirited maps to study the understanding of open quantum system. Explicit, in collaboration with Baidyanath Misra, also proposed the quantum Philosopher effect.^[10]

Sudarshan and collaborators initiated blue blood the gentry "Quantum theory of charged-particle timber optics", by working out high-mindedness focusing action of a attractive quadrupole using the Dirac equation.^[11][12]

He taught at the Tata League of Fundamental Research (TIFR), School of Rochester, Syracuse University,^[13] essential Harvard.

From 1969 onwards, sharptasting was a professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin and a familiar professor at the Indian Guild of Science. He worked in that the director of the Faculty of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Madras, India, for five years about the 1980s dividing his offend between India and USA.

Lasting his tenure, he transformed dissuade into a centre of greatness. He also met and restricted many discussions with philosopher Count. Krishnamurti. He was felicitated inauguration his 80th birthday, at IMSc Chennai^[14] on 16 September 2011. His areas of interest play a part elementary particle physics, quantum optics, quantum information, quantum field assumption, gauge field theories, classical execution and foundations of physics.

Crystalclear was also deeply interested rank Vedanta, on which he lectured frequently.

Controversy regarding Nobel Prize

Sudarshan began working on quantum optics at the University of City in 1960. Two years after, Glauber criticized the use longawaited classical electromagnetic theory in explaining optical fields, which surprised Sudarshan because he believed the judgment provided accurate explanations.

Sudarshan later on wrote a paper expressing enthrone ideas^[15] and sent a preprint to Glauber. Glauber informed Sudarshan of similar results and gratuitously to be acknowledged in integrity latter's paper, while criticizing Sudarshan in his own paper.^[16] "Glauber criticized Sudarshan's representation, but fulfil own was unable to interval any of the typical quantum optics phenomena, hence he introduces what he calls a P-representation, which was Sudarshan's representation shy another name", wrote a physicist.

"This representation, which had bear out first been scorned by Glauber, later becomes known as rectitude Glauber–Sudarshan representation."^[17]

Sudarshan was passed catastrophe for the Physics Nobel Honour on more than one instance, leading to controversy in 2005 when several physicists wrote manage the Swedish Academy, protesting deviate Sudarshan should have been awarded a share of the Passion for the Sudarshan diagonal visual aid (also known as Glauber–Sudarshan representation) in quantum optics, for which Roy J.

Glauber won fillet share of the prize.^[18] Sudarshan and other physicists sent a-okay letter to the Nobel Council claiming that the P protocol had more contributions of "Sudarshan" than "Glauber".^[19] The letter goes on to say that Glauber criticized Sudarshan's theory—before renaming knock down the "P representation" and taking in it into his own occupation.

In an unpublished letter bump The New York Times, Sudarshan calls the "Glauber–Sudarshan representation" a-ok misnomer, adding that "literally each and every subsequent theoretic developments in distinction field of Quantum Optics mark use of" Sudarshan's work— primarily, asserting that he had educated the breakthrough.^[20][21]

In 2007, Prof.Sudarshan low the Hindustan Times, "The 2005 Nobel prize for Physics was awarded for my work, on the other hand I wasn't the one total get it.

Each one engage in the discoveries that this Chemist was given for work homespun on my research."^[22] Sudarshan very commented on not being elite for the 1979 Nobel, "Steven Weinberg, Sheldon Glashow and Abdus Salam built on work Frenzied had done as a 26-year-old student. If you give keen prize for a building, shouldn't the fellow who built distinction first floor be given probity prize before those who strap the second floor?"^[22]

Awards

• Honorary doctorate wedge University of Kerala^[23]
• Kerala Sastra Puraskaram for lifetime accomplishments in branch of knowledge, 2013^{[citation needed]}
• Dirac Medal of picture ICTP, 2010
• Padma Vibhushan, second utmost civilian award from the Regulation of India, 2007
• Majorana Prize, 2006
• Presidential Citation Award from the Practice of Texas at Austin, 2006^[24]
• The first TWAS Prize in Physics awarded by the World Establishment of Sciences, 1985^[25]
• Bose Medal, 1977^{[citation needed]}
• Padma Bhushan, third highest nonbelligerent award from the Government be a devotee of India, 1976^[26]
• C.

  V. Raman Confer, 1970^{[citation needed]}

Books

• 1961: (with Robert Marshak) Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics, Interscience Publishers, Google Books snatch view
• 1968: (with John R. Klauder) Fundamentals of Quantum Optics, Dover Books ISBN 0486450082Google Books preview dressingdown 2006 edition
• 1974: (with N.

  Mukunda) Classical Dynamics: a modern perspective, World Scientific ISBN 9814730017Google Books performance of 2015 edition

• 1998: (with Ian Duck) Pauli and the Spin–Statistics Theorem, World Scientific, ISBN 9814497452Google Books preview
• 1999: (with Tony Rothman) Doubt and Certainty: The celebrated establishment debates on science, mysticism, instruct reality, Basic Books ISBN 0738201693
• 2004: (with Giampiero Esposito and Giuseppe Marmo) From Classical to Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction to the Formalism, Foundations and Applications, Cambridge Institute Press ISBN 1139450549Google Books preview
• 2014: (with Giampiero Esposito, Giuseppe Marmo, deliver Gennaro Miele) Advanced Concepts call a halt Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Entreat ISBN 9781107076044

See also

References

External links