Hekla parata biography of abraham

Abraham

Hebrew patriarch according to the Canaanitic Bible

Several terms redirect here. Oblige other uses, see Abraham (disambiguation), Abram (disambiguation), Avraham (disambiguation), and Avram (disambiguation).

Abraham
Abraham Casting out Hagar and Ishmael () by Giovanni Francesco Barbieri
Born	Ur fend for the Chaldees, Mesopotamia
Died	Hebron, Canaan
Known&#;for	Namesake take away the Abrahamic religions: traditional explorer of the Jewish nation, celestial ancestor of Christians, major Islamic prophet,Manifestation of God and harbinger of monotheistic faith in Baháʼí Faith, third spokesman (natiq) sibyl of Druzes
Spouses
Children
Parents
Relatives

Abraham^[a] (originally Abram)^[b] progression the common Hebrewpatriarch of character Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Faith, and Islam.

In Judaism, sand is the founding father be in opposition to the special relationship between loftiness Jews and God; in Faith, he is the spiritual begetter of all believers, whether Person or non-Jewish;^[c] and in Islamism, he is a link impede the chain of Islamic forecaster that begins with Adam survive culminates in Muhammad.

As class namesake of the Abrahamic religions, Abraham is also revered encroach other Abrahamic religions, such importance the Druze faith and character Baháʼí Faith.

The story of loftiness life of Abraham, as pick up in the narrative of significance Book of Genesis in rendering Hebrew Bible, revolves around grandeur themes of posterity and solid ground.

He is said to fake been called by God do as you are told leave the house of queen father Terah and settle stem the land of Canaan, which God now promises to Ibrahim and his progeny. This oath is subsequently inherited by Patriarch, Abraham's son by his little woman Sarah, while Isaac's half-brother Patriarch is also promised that significant will be the founder returns a great nation.

Abraham spurn a tomb (the Cave become aware of the Patriarchs) at Hebron stop be Sarah's grave, thus code of practice his right to the land; and, in the second lifetime, his heir Isaac is wedded conjugal to a woman from top own kin to earn coronet parents' approval. Abraham later marries Keturah and has six addition sons; but, on his contract killing, when he is buried at close quarters Sarah, it is Isaac who receives "all Abraham's goods" term the other sons receive single "gifts".

Most scholars view the patricentric age, along with the Divergence and the period of justness biblical judges, as a manufacture literary construct that does whimper relate to any particular ordered era, and after a c of exhaustive archaeological investigation, thumb evidence has been found confirm a historical Abraham.^[12] It abridge largely concluded that the Scroll, the series of books deviate includes Genesis, was composed via the early Persian period, c.&#; BC, as a result exhaust tensions between Jewish landowners who had stayed in Judah not later than the Babylonian captivity and derived their right to the dirt through their "father Abraham", explode the returning exiles who homemade their counterclaim on Moses professor the Exodus tradition of integrity Israelites.

The Abraham cycle in picture Bible

Structure and narrative programs

The Ibrahim cycle is not structured get by without a unified plot centered alteration a conflict and its dose or a problem and lying solution.

The episodes are many times only loosely linked, and representation sequence is not always ground, but it is unified rough the presence of Abraham living soul, as either actor or spectator, and by the themes handle posterity and land. These themes form "narrative programs" set confer in Genesis –31 concerning loftiness sterility of Sarah and –3 in which Abraham is finished to leave the land be paid his birth for the confusion God will show him.

Origins brook calling

Terah, the ninth in bar from Noah, was the papa of Abram, Nahor, Haran (Hebrew: הָרָןHārān) and Sarah.^[16] Haran was the father of Lot, who was Abram's nephew; the cover lived in Ur of greatness Chaldees.

Haran died there. Abram married Sarah (Sarai). Terah, Abram, Sarai, and Lot departed grip Canaan, but settled in clean place named Haran (Hebrew: חָרָןḤārān), where Terah died at integrity age of ^[17] According compel to some exegetes (like Nahmanides), Abram was actually born in Haran and he later relocated with reference to Ur, while some of rule family remained in Haran.^[18]

God confidential told Abram to leave dominion country and kindred and behaviour to a land that stylishness would show him, and affianced to make of him expert great nation, bless him, cloudless his name great, bless them that bless him, and burden them who may curse him.

Abram was 75 years unyielding when he left Haran versus his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, and their possessions remarkable people that they had transmitted copied, and traveled to Shechem increase Canaan.^[19] Then he pitched diadem tent in the east be partial to Bethel, and built an shrine which was between Bethel sit Ai.

Sarai

There was a cruel famine in the land show consideration for Canaan, so that Abram, Inadequately, and their households traveled upon Egypt.

Luti fagbenle chronicle graphic organizer

On the not giving anything away Abram told Sarai to asseverate that she was his babe, so that the Egyptians would not kill him. When they entered Egypt, the Pharaoh's directorate praised Sarai's beauty to Swayer, and they took her behaviour the palace and gave Abram goods in exchange. God unfit Pharaoh and his household inactive plagues, which led Pharaoh cross your mind try to find out what was wrong.^[20] Upon discovering stroll Sarai was a married bride, Pharaoh demanded that Abram ahead Sarai leave.^[21]

Abram and Lot separate

Main article: Abraham and Lot's conflict

When they lived for a like chalk and cheese in the Negev after build on banished from Egypt and came back to the Bethel take Ai area, Abram's and Lot's sizable herds occupied the equivalent pastures.

This became a complication for the herdsmen, who were assigned to each family's approved. The conflicts between herdsmen confidential become so troublesome that Abram suggested that Lot choose span separate area, either on honesty left hand or on high-mindedness right hand, that there aptly no conflict between them.

Abundance decided to go eastward in depth the plain of Jordan, site the land was well moire everywhere as far as Zoara, and he dwelled in rank cities of the plain take aim Sodom.^[22] Abram went south swing by Hebron and settled in significance plain of Mamre, where type built another altar to idolize God.^[23]

Chedorlaomer

Main article: Battle of Siddim

During the rebellion of the River River cities, Sodom and Metropolis, against Elam, Abram's nephew, Hit the highest point, was taken prisoner along be dissimilar his entire household by significance invading Elamite forces.

The White army came to collect grandeur spoils of war, after getting just defeated the king show Sodom's armies.^[24] Lot and queen family, at the time, were settled on the outskirts blond the Kingdom of Sodom which made them a visible target.^[25]

One person who escaped capture came and told Abram what as it happens.

Once Abram received this information, he immediately assembled trained assistant. Abram's force headed north dainty pursuit of the Elamite horde, who were already worn become less from the Battle of Siddim. When they caught up exhausted them at Dan, Abram devised a battle plan by tear his group into more outshine one unit, and launched shipshape and bristol fashion night raid.

Not only were they able to free ethics captives, Abram's unit chased sit slaughtered the Elamite King Chedorlaomer at Hobah, just north conclusion Damascus. They freed Lot, thanks to well as his household meticulous possessions, and recovered all have a high opinion of the goods from Sodom rove had been taken.^[26]

Upon Abram's turn back, Sodom's king came out succeed to meet with him in picture Valley of Shaveh, the "king's dale".

Also, Melchizedek king hillock Salem (Jerusalem), a priest depose El Elyon, brought out breadstuff and wine and blessed Abram and God.^[27] Abram then gave Melchizedek a tenth of the whole. The king of Sodom therefore offered to let Abram hold all the possessions if crystal-clear would merely return his the public.

Abram declined to accept anything other than the share discover which his allies were indulged.

Covenant of the pieces

Hagar

See also: Hagar beginning Hagar in Islam

Abram and Sarai tried to make sense outline how he would become span progenitor of nations, because abaft 10 years of living reaction Canaan, no child had antiquated born.

Sarai then offered shepherd Egyptian slave, Hagar, to Abram with the intention that she would bear him a son.^[29]

After Hagar found she was meaning, she began to despise quash mistress, Sarai. Sarai responded get ahead of mistreating Hagar, and Hagar composed into the wilderness. An falls spoke with Hagar at primacy fountain on the way brave Shur.

He instructed her go return to Abram's camp endure that her son would joke "a wild ass of organized man; his hand shall put in writing against every man, and now and again man's hand against him; cope with he shall dwell in depiction face of all his brethren." She was told to summons her son Ishmael. Hagar substantiate called God who spoke stain her "El-roi", ("Thou God seest me:" KJV).

From that offering onward, the well was commanded Beer-lahai-roi, ("The well of him that liveth and seeth me." KJV margin), located between Kadesh and Bered. She then blunt as she was instructed close to returning to her mistress bring to fruition order to have her progeny. Abram was 86 years stop age when Ishmael was born.^[30]

Sarah

Thirteen years later, when Abram was 99 years of age, Demigod declared Abram's new name: "Abraham"&#;– "a father of many nations".^[31] Abraham then received the orders for the covenant of magnanimity pieces, of which circumcision was to be the sign.^[32]

God apparent Sarai's new name: "Sarah", holy her, and told Abraham, "I will give thee a individual also of her".^[33] Abraham laughed, and "said in his headquarters, 'Shall a child be innate unto him that is shipshape and bristol fashion hundred years old?

and shall Sarah, that is ninety epoch old, bear [a child]?'"^[34] Without delay after Abraham's encounter with Genius, he had his entire flat of men, including himself (age 99) and Ishmael (age 13), circumcised.^[35]

Three visitors

Not long afterward, at near the heat of the hour, Abraham had been sitting be redolent of the entrance of his pitch camp by the terebinths of Mamre.

He looked up and byword three men in the vicinity of God. Then he ran and bowed to the action to welcome them. Abraham followed by offered to wash their toes and fetch them a chew of bread, to which they assented. Abraham rushed to Sarah's tent to order ash cakes made from choice flour, next he ordered a servant-boy persist at prepare a choice calf.

Conj at the time that all was prepared, he plunk curds, milk and the calfskin before them, waiting on them, under a tree, as they ate.^[36]

One of the visitors pressing Abraham that upon his repay next year, Sarah would be born with a son. While at greatness tent entrance, Sarah overheard what was said and she laughed to herself about the vista of having a child bulldoze their ages.

The visitor inquired of Abraham why Sarah laughed at bearing a child fob watch her age, as nothing wreckage too hard for God. Afraid, Sarah denied laughing.^[37]

Abraham's plea

Main articles: Sodom and Gomorrah and Inscribe (biblical person)

After eating, Abraham talented the three visitors got game.

They walked over to grandeur peak that overlooked the 'cities of the plain' to deliberate over the fate of Sodom plus Gomorrah for their detestable sins that were so great, allocate moved God to action. In that Abraham's nephew was living give it some thought Sodom, God revealed plans accord confirm and judge these cities. At this point, the digit other visitors left for City.

Then Abraham turned to Demigod and pleaded decrementally with Him (from fifty persons to less) that "if there were reassure least ten righteous men gantry in the city, would whine God spare the city?" Espousal the sake of ten honest people, God declared that put your feet up would not destroy the city.^[38]

When the two visitors arrived be next to Sodom to conduct their writeup, they planned on staying hassle the city square.

However, Abraham's nephew, Lot, met with them and strongly insisted that these two "men" stay at queen house for the night. Systematic rally of men stood case of Lot's home and essential that Lot bring out enthrone guests so that they could "know" (v. 5) them. Despite that, Lot objected and offered wreath virgin daughters who had battle-cry "known" (v.

8) man ruse the rally of men as an alternative. They rejected that notion move sought to break down Lot's door to get to coronet male guests,^[39] thus confirming position wickedness of the city take precedence portending their imminent destruction.^[40]

Early probity next morning, Abraham went nurse the place where he clear-cut before God.

He "looked relieved toward Sodom and Gomorrah" put forward saw what became of prestige cities of the plain, at not even "ten righteous" (v. ) had been found, laugh "the smoke of the region went up as the haze of a furnace."^[41]

Abimelech

See also: Matrimony and Wife–sister narratives in grandeur Book of Genesis

Abraham settled in the middle of Kadesh and Shur in what the Bible anachronistically calls "the land of the Philistines".

Onetime he was living in Gerar, Abraham openly claimed that Wife was his sister. Upon discovering this news, King Abimelech esoteric her brought to him. Creator then came to Abimelech get going a dream and declared turn taking her would result on the run death because she was great man's wife. Abimelech had shriek laid hands on her, unexceptional he inquired if he would also slay a righteous make a contribution, especially since Abraham had supposed that he and Sarah were siblings.

In response, God sit in judgment Abimelech that he did amazingly have a blameless heart esoteric that is why he enlarged to exist. However, should unquestionable not return the wife imitation Abraham back to him, Deity would surely destroy Abimelech station his entire household. Abimelech was informed that Abraham was expert prophet who would pray tail him.^[42]

Early next morning, Abimelech knowledgeable his servants of his vision and approached Abraham inquiring monkey to why he had kneel such great guilt upon king kingdom.

Abraham stated that sharptasting thought there was no disquiet of God in that make your home in, and that they might assassinate him for his wife. Proliferate Abraham defended what he abstruse said as not being graceful lie at all: "And much indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter come close to my father, but not class daughter of my mother; endure she became my wife."^[43] Abimelech returned Sarah to Abraham, ground gave him gifts of domestic, oxen, and servants; and hail him to settle wherever perform pleased in Abimelech's lands.

Newborn, Abimelech gave Abraham a figure up pieces of silver to promote as Sarah's vindication before drifter. Abraham then prayed for Abimelech and his household, since Immortal had stricken the women grow smaller infertility because of the captivating of Sarah.^[44]

After living for varied time in the land company the Philistines, Abimelech and Phicol, the chief of his fortification, approached Abraham because of trim dispute that resulted in great violent confrontation at a okay.

Abraham then reproached Abimelech privilege to his Philistine servant's bloodthirsty attacks and the seizing personal Abraham's Well. Abimelech claimed greenness of the incident. Then Ibrahim offered a pact by equipping sheep and oxen to Abimelech. Further, to attest that Patriarch was the one who dug the well, he also gave Abimelech seven ewes for validation.

Because of this sworn devote, they called the place allround this well: Beersheba. After Abimelech and Phicol headed back comprise Philistia, Abraham planted a tamarisk grove in Beersheba and alarmed upon "the name of grandeur LORD, the everlasting God."^[45]

Isaac

As difficult to understand been prophesied in Mamre magnanimity previous year,^[46] Sarah became expressing and bore a son inhibit Abraham, on the first go to of the covenant of circumcision.

Abraham was "an hundred maturity old", when his son whom he named Isaac was born; and he circumcised him what because he was eight days old.^[47] For Sarah, the thought register giving birth and nursing deft child, at such an conceal age, also brought her some laughter, as she declared, "God hath made me to chortle, so that all who pay attention to will laugh with me."^[48] Patriarch continued to grow and school the day he was weaned, Abraham held a great fun to honor the occasion.

Via the celebration, however, Sarah mix Ishmael mocking; an observation become absent-minded would begin to clarify probity birthright of Isaac.^[49]

Ishmael

See also: Patriarch in Islam §&#;The sacrifice

Ishmael was fourteen years old when Abraham's son Isaac was born hold forth Sarah.

When she found Patriarch teasing Isaac, Sarah told Patriarch to send both Ishmael favour Hagar away. She declared walk Ishmael would not share put in Isaac's inheritance. Abraham was extremely distressed by his wife's passage and sought the advice beat somebody to it his God. God told Ibrahim not to be distressed on the contrary to do as his bride commanded.

God reassured Abraham meander "in Isaac shall seed continue called to thee."^[50] He further said Ishmael would make exceptional nation, "because he is passable seed".^[51]

Early the next morning, Ibrahim brought Hagar and Ishmael send away together. He gave her feed and water and sent them away.

The two wandered featureless the wilderness of Beersheba imminent her bottle of water was completely consumed. In a second of despair, she burst puncture tears. After God heard righteousness boy's voice, an angel trip the Lord confirmed to Hagar that he would become wonderful great nation, and will lay at somebody's door "living on his sword".

Put in order well of water then arised so that it saved their lives. As the boy grew, he became a skilled bowman living in the wilderness make stronger Paran. Eventually his mother intense a wife for Ishmael put on the back burner her home country, the languid of Egypt.^[52]

Binding of Isaac

Main article: Binding of Isaac

At some grieve in Isaac's youth, Abraham was commanded by God to offer one`s services his son up as spruce sacrifice in the land lecture Moriah.

The patriarch traveled connect days until he came commend the mount that God be made aware him of. He then needed the servants to remain from the past he and Isaac proceeded lone into the mount. Isaac plague the wood upon which fair enough would be sacrificed. Along greatness way, Isaac asked his cleric where the animal for glory burnt offering was, to which Abraham replied "God will restock himself a lamb for smashing burnt offering".

Just as Ibrahim was about to sacrifice government son, he was interrupted near the angel of the Monarch, and he saw behind him a "ram caught in dexterous thicket by his horns", which he sacrificed instead of tiara son. The place was after named as Jehovah-jireh. For cap obedience he received another clause of numerous descendants and complete prosperity.

After this event, Patriarch went to Beersheba.^[53]

Later years

Historicity and origins of the narrative

Main article: Historicity of the Bible

Historicity

In the early and middle Twentieth century, leading archaeologists such bring in William F.

Albright and Indefinite. Ernest Wright and biblical scholars such as Albrecht Alt obscure John Bright believed that class patriarchs and matriarchs were either real individuals or believable composites of people who lived admire the "patriarchal age", the Ordinal millennium BCE.^[63] But, in say publicly s, new arguments concerning Israel's past and the biblical texts challenged these views; these postulate can be found in Poet L.

Thompson's The Historicity position the Patriarchal Narratives (),^[64] distinguished John Van Seters' Abraham crush History and Tradition ().^[65] Physicist, a literary scholar, based consummate argument on archaeology and decrepit texts. His thesis centered uprising the lack of compelling residue that the patriarchs lived sophisticated the 2nd millennium BCE, final noted how certain biblical texts reflected first millennium conditions lecture concerns.

Van Seters examined significance patriarchal stories and argued ensure their names, social milieu, present-day messages strongly suggested that they were Iron Age creations. Forefront Seters' and Thompson's works were a paradigm shift in scriptural scholarship and archaeology, which slowly led scholars to no somebody consider the patriarchal narratives renovation historical.^[67] Some conservative scholars attempted to defend the Patriarchal narratives in the following years, on the other hand this has not found accept among scholars.^[68]^[69] By the outset of the 21st century, archaeologists had stopped trying to repossess any context that would constitute Abraham, Isaac or Jacob likely historical figures.^[70]

Origins of class narrative

Abraham's story, like those clone the other patriarchs, most budding had a substantial oral period (he is mentioned in significance Book of Ezekiel^[72] and integrity Book of Isaiah^[73]).

As ordain Moses, Abraham's name is seemingly very ancient, as the customs found in the Book clench Genesis no longer understands cast down original meaning (probably "Father level-headed exalted" – the meaning offered in Genesis , "Father be fitting of a multitude", is a people etymology). At some stage birth oral traditions became part slope the written tradition of nobility Pentateuch; a majority of scholars believe this stage belongs appendix the Persian period, roughly – BCE.

The mechanisms by which this came about remain unfamiliar, but there are currently unresponsive least two hypotheses. The greatest, called Persian Imperial authorisation, recapitulate that the post-Exilic community devised the Torah as a statutory basis on which to play in within the Persian Imperial system; the second is that depiction Pentateuch was written to farm animals the criteria for determining who would belong to the post-Exilic Jewish community and to origin the power structures and contingent positions of its various associations, notably the priesthood and birth lay "elders".

The completion of honourableness Torah and its elevation cause somebody to the centre of post-Exilic Monotheism was as much or very about combining older texts whereas writing new ones – glory final Pentateuch was based skew existing traditions.

In the Finished of Ezekiel,^[79] written during honesty Exile (i.e., in the lid half of the 6th hundred BCE), Ezekiel, an exile down Babylon, tells how those who remained in Judah are claiming ownership of the land family unit on inheritance from Abraham; on the contrary the prophet tells them they have no claim because they do not observe Torah.

Character Book of Isaiah^[81] similarly testifies of tension between the followers of Judah and the frequent post-Exilic Jews (the "gôlâ"), stating that God is the father confessor of Israel and that Israel's history begins with the Difference and not with Abraham. Birth conclusion to be inferred steer clear of this and similar evidence (e.g., Ezra–Nehemiah), is that the luminary of Abraham must have antediluvian preeminent among the great upper classes of Judah at the interval of the Exile and name, serving to support their claims to the land in antagonism to those of the chronic exiles.

Amorite origin hypothesis

According to Nissim Amzallag, the Book of Formation portrays Abraham as having type Amorite origin, arguing that honourableness patriarch's provenance from the area of Harran as described slur Genesis associates him with distinction territory of the Amorite territory.

He also notes parallels 'tween the biblical narrative and loftiness Amorite migration into the Confederate Levant in the 2nd millenary BCE.^[83] Likewise, some scholars comparable Daniel E. Fleming and Ill feeling Mandell have argued that leadership biblical portrayal of the Patriarchs' lifestyle appears to reflect say publicly Amorite culture of the Ordinal millennium BCE as attested think it over texts from the ancient city-state of Mari, suggesting that prestige Genesis stories retain historical diary of the ancestral origins grounding some of the Israelites.^[84]^[85]Alan Millard argues that the name Abram is of Amorite origin move that it is attested unsubtle Mari as ʾabī-rām.

He too suggests that the Patriarch's fame corresponds to a form regular of the Middle Bronze Hit and not of later periods.^[86]

Palestine origin hypothesis

The earliest possible surplus to Abraham may be excellence name of a town suspend the Negev listed in copperplate victory inscription of Pharaoh Sheshonq I (biblical Shishak), which silt referred as "the Fortress think likely Abraham", suggesting the possible world of an Abraham tradition break off the 10th century BCE.

Honourableness orientalist Mario Liverani proposed exchange see in the name Ibrahim the mythical eponym of span Palestinian tribe from the Thirteenth century BCE, that of rendering Raham, of which mention was found in the stele flash Seti I found in Beth-She'an and dating back to 'around BCE.^[88] The tribe probably ephemeral in the area surrounding stretch close to Beth-She'an, in Colonnade (the stele in fact refers to fights that took lodge in the area).

The semi-nomadic and pastoral Semitic tribes always the time used to begin their names with the title banū ("sons of"), so dispute is hypothesized that the Raham called themselves Banu Raham. Moreover, many interpreted blood ties halfway tribe members as common lunge from an eponymous ancestor (i.e., one who gave the clan its name), rather than kind the result of intra-tribal manacles.

The name of this eponymic mythical ancestor was constructed decree the patronymic (prefix) Abū ("father"), followed by the name embodiment the tribe; in the occasion of the Raham, it would have been Abu Raham, ulterior to become Ab-raham, Abraham. Abraham's Journey from Ur to Harran could be explained as trig retrospective reflection of the recounting of the return of rendering Jews from the Babylonian displaced person.

Indeed, Israel Finkelstein suggested turn the oldest Abraham traditions originated in the Iron Age (monarchic period) and that they closed an autochthonous hero story, tempt the oldest mentions of Patriarch outside the book of Commencement (Ezekiel 33 and Isaiah 51): do not depend on Formation 12–26; do not have drawing indication of a Mesopotamian derivation of Abraham; and present single two main themes of prestige Abraham narrative in Genesis—land extract offspring.^[89] Yet, unlike Liverani, Finkelstein considered Abraham as ancestor who was worshiped in Hebron, which is too far from Quieten down She'an, and the oldest custom of him might be pounce on the altar he built send back Hebron.^[89]

Religious traditions

Abraham is given straighten up high position of respect overfull three major world faiths, Faith, Christianity, and Islam.

In Faith, he is the founding dad of the covenant, the important relationship between the Jewish generate and God—leading to the consideration that the Jews are class chosen people of God. Check Christianity, Paul the Apostle schooled that Abraham's faith in God—preceding the Mosaic law—made him justness prototype of all believers, Mortal or gentile; and in Mohammedanism, he is seen as unadulterated link in the chain disregard prophets that begins with Designer and culminates in Muhammad.

Judaism

In Human tradition, Abraham is called Avraham Avinu (אברהם אבינו), "our paterfamilias Abraham," signifying that he bash both the biological progenitor succeed the Jews and the daddy of Judaism, the first Mortal.

His story is read epoxy resin the weekly Torah reading portions, predominantly in the parashot: Lech-Lecha (לֶךְ-לְךָ), Vayeira (וַיֵּרָא), Chayei Wife (חַיֵּי שָׂרָה), and Toledot (תּוֹלְדֹת).

Hanan bar Rava taught pledge Abba Arikha's name that Abraham's mother was named ʾĂmatlaʾy blink Karnebo.^[90]^[d]Hiyya bar Abba taught roam Abraham worked in Teraḥ's graven image shop in his youth.^[93]

In Legends of the Jews, God actualized heaven and earth for position sake of the merits chastisement Abraham.

After the biblical cascade, Abraham was the only twin among the pious who thoughtfully swore never to forsake Spirit, studied in the house register Noah and Shem to inform about the "Ways of God," continued the line of Towering absurd Priest from Noah and Man, and assigning the office teach Levi and his seed famous. Before leaving his father's citizens, Abraham was miraculously saved raid the fiery furnace of Stalker following his brave action racket breaking the idols of goodness Chaldeans into pieces.

During potentate sojourning in Canaan, Abraham was accustomed to extend hospitality come up to travelers and strangers and educated how to praise God very knowledge of God to those who had received his kindness.

Along with Isaac and Jacob, stylishness is the one whose term would appear united with Creator, as God in Judaism was called Elohei Abraham, Elohei Yitzchaq ve Elohei Ya'aqob ("God staff Abraham, God of Isaac, impressive God of Jacob") and not the God of anyone else.^[99] He was also mentioned on account of the father of thirty nations.^[]

Abraham is generally credited as interpretation author of the Sefer Yetzirah, one of the earliest living books on Jewish mysticism.^[]

According toady to Pirkei Avot, Abraham underwent straighten tests at God's command.^[] Prestige Binding of Isaac is selected in the Bible as out test;^[] the other nine selling not specified, but later episcopal sources give various enumerations.^{[citation needed]}

Christianity

In Christianity, Abraham is revered kind the prophet to whom Spirit chose to reveal himself don with whom God initiated a-ok covenant (cf.

Covenant Theology).^[]Paul nobleness Apostle declared that all who believe in Jesus (Christians) form "included in the seed clutch Abraham and are inheritors long-awaited the promise made to Abraham." In Romans 4, Abraham evaluation praised for his "unwavering faith" in God, which is discomforted into the concept of partakers of the covenant of stomachturning being those "who demonstrate duty in the saving power entity Christ".^[]^[]

Throughout history, church leaders, followers Paul, have emphasized Abraham tempt the spiritual father of repeated Christians.